Stages of Recovery
For Survivors of Sexual Assault
Sexual assault can be a traumatic event. Those who survive a sexual assault often experience severe stress reactions similar to those who survive other life-threatening events, such as war or natural disaster. Each survivor's response is unique. There is not any one "correct" way to react or recover. There are, however, certain stages survivors typically experience as they heal.
Initial Stage – In the hours and days immediately following the assault, common reactions may include shock, fear, numbness, confusion, or feeling out of touch with reality.
Denial Stage – During this stage, survivors may try to deny any negative effects or changes. They may insist that things are "fine."
Suffering Stage – This stage is when the reality of the assault sinks in. It is characterized by depression, self-blame and a sense of loss. It may occur several days, months, or years after the sexual assault.
Resolution Stage – This stage begins when survivors start the long-term process of resolving their feelings. They recognize the full responsibility of the perpetrator. In addition, survivors no longer feel that the sexual assault controls their life. Many individuals in this stage feel they are no longer a victim, but are now a survivor.
Crisis Stage – This stage can occur at any time after the assault — sometimes months or years later. Feelings, memories, and thoughts related to the assault are overwhelming during this stage.
Additionally
Survivors of sexual assault are:
- 3 times more likely to suffer from depression
- 6 times more likely to suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder
- 13 times more likely to abuse alcohol
- 26 times more likely to abuse drugs
- 4 times more likely to contemplate suicide (www.rainn.org)
Is counseling really necessary? A resounding yes! Research indicates that the best way to help a survivor get back to normalcy is through counseling (RASAC Newsletter, Spring 2008).